Extracellular vesicles (EVs), that are produced from all cells that have been studied to date, are membrane- bound complexes secreted from cells under both physiological and pathological conditions. EV research is a rapidly evolving and expanding field, and it appears that all biological fluids contain very large numbers of EVs. EVs act as messengers for cell–cell communication and signalling due to their cargo, containing proteins, nucleic acids and lipids; recently they are also known to have roles in several reproductive processes. Although predominantly studied in mammals, extracellular vesicles are ubiquitous across metazoans. Research in non-mammalian models is critical for fully elucidating EV biology. Studies across diverse non-mammalian species reveal both highly conserved and uniquely adapted aspects of EV biology. From vertebrates to invertebrates, common themes emerge regarding EVs mediating immune regulation, tissue homeostasis, regeneration, and developmental signaling. Conserved EV biogenic pathways underlie EV release from Hydra to zebrafish. This workshop is aimed to discuss the role of EVs throughout reproduction (not only in humans), starting with the paternal and maternal gametes, followed by the establishment and continuation of successful pregnancies, with focus on the interaction of EVs with the maternal immune system and in various reproductive promotion and disorders. Additionally, we will explore how these concepts, well-documented in higher systems, are also relevant in less complex organisms, providing a broader understanding of EV function across different species.